نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مبانی تعلیم و تربیت، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، ارائه مدل ذهن‌آرایی در کودکان دوره پیش دبستان است. رویکرد این پژوهش سنتز پژوهی کیفی، از نوع فراترکیب نظریه ساز بود و با استفاده از روش شش مرحله‌ای ساندلوسکی و باروسو انجام شد. در گام اول و پس از انتخاب تیم فراترکیب، سوالات پژوهش برای استخراج مدل داده‌بنیاد ذهن‌آرایی کودکان، تنظیم و معیارهای شمول و خروج مقالات مشخص شدند. در گام دوم، به جستجوی نظام‌مند منابع در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی پرداخته شد. در گام سوم ارزیابی کیفیت مقالات انجام و در نهایت با توجه به معیار خروج 37 مقاله اصیل انتخاب شدند. در گام چهارم با تکنیک دسته‌بندی یافته ها و تکنیک کمی فراچکیده نویسی، کدهای باز استخراج شدند. در گام پنجم نیز ابتدا 119 کد باز (مانند پایش حواس و احساسات، ابراز قدردانی، عملکرد مغز و یادگیری، غوطه‌ور شدن در کاری) استخراج گردیدند و سپس داده‌ها، مفهوم‌پردازی، مقوله‌بندی و سپس براساس مشابهت‌ها ارتباط مفهومی و خصوصیات مشترک بین کدهای باز، 13 کد محوری (مانند کیفیت مربی/معلم، کیفیت کودک، زمینه)مشخص شدند و نهایتا این 13 کد محوری در 3 مقوله پیشایندها، فرایندها و پیامدهای ذهن آرایی کودک پیش دبستانی به عنوان کدهای انتخابی در مدل جایابی شدند. در گام ششم با استفاده از تکنیک‌های اعتبارپذیری و انتقال‌پذیری، اعتبار یافته های مدل انجام شد. شکل گیری ذهن‌آرایی کودکان در سطح پیش‌دبستانی اقدامی موثر جهت هدفمند نمودن برنامه‌های دوره‌ی پیش‌ازدبستان می باشد که نیازمند توجه برنامه ریزان و سیاست‌مداران به این مهم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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