نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول
2 استادیار، برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار، برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
بازی یکی از مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌ها مهم در نظام تعلیم و تربیت دوره کودکی است که در دنیای آموزش به علت تعاریف مبهم آن به‌خصوص وقتی درزمینه کلاسی قرار می‌گیرد، به یک عمل و مفهوم مبهم تبدیل می‌شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مؤلفه‌های بازی آزاد در فرایند یاددهی-یادگیری کودکان بود. روش پژوهش کیفی از نوع سنتز پژوهی بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه منابع علمی در زمینه بازی آزاد در بازده زمانی 1950- 2019 بود. روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند بود که در آن منابعی که شاخص‌های لازم را داشتند طی مراحلی انتخاب شدند و درنهایت تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری 59 مقاله شناسایی و بررسی شد. مقالات بر اساس روش سنتز پژوهش سندلوسکی و باروس (2007) مورد سنتز قرار گرفت که یافته‌ها نشان داد بر مبنای تحلیل و تفسیر یافته‌ها می‌توان دوازده مؤلفه را برای بازی آزاد بیان کرد: انتخاب اختیاری، کودک فعال، انعطاف‌پذیری قوانین، بدون هدفی مشخص، نامعلوم بودن، فرایند محوری، امنیت، انگیختگی درونی، خیال‌پردازانه، درگیری همه جانبه، لذت‌بخش ،روش اجرا .
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