Educational Psychology

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the role of instructional designer in textbook compilation from the perspective of specialists (curriculum planners and educational technologists). The research components were educational goals, content selection, organization of content, teaching-learning methods and evaluation. Statistical population consisted of all curriculum and educational technology experts as well as those who involved in textbook preparation in national level. The sample included all university professors in the field of curriculum development and educational technology at Allameh Tabataba'i, Shahid Beheshti, Tarbiyat Modarres and Tarbiyat Moallem Universities and also professionals in Textbook Compilation Bureau in the Ministry of Education selected through available sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire with 40 questions used as research instrument. The validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by university professors and its reliability was estimated through Cronbach alpha coefficient (ra=/87). The results obtained through one-way analysis of variance revealed that instructional designers had a significant role in teaching-learning methods, organizing content and educational goals, but their role in the other two components (content selection and evaluation) was of less importance.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between Math Anxiety with low academic achievement and Predictors of Math Anxiety in Guidance schools. The research method was retrospective cohort and causal comparative study. In this study, the subjects were recruited from North Khorasan province. The research statistical population comprised all pupils with low academic achievement in mathematic (their mathematic scores was lower than 10). The sample included 438 pupils (288 with low mathematic achievement and 150 with high mathematic achievement) who were chosen using cluster and stratified sampling method. The instruments were a wide range of topics, including demographic information, behavioral of teachers and parental, mathematic self-concept Inventory, mathematic anxiety Inventory, mathematic motivation Inventory, and educational motivation Inventory. The results revealed that the rate of academic drop out was 25/13%, and there was a negative relationship between math anxiety and performance mathematic (-0.51). The variables of mathematic self-concept, mathematic motivation, educational motivation and the effort of pupils had negative relationship with math anxiety. It has also been identified key factors behavioral of teachers and parental, mathematic self-concept, mathematic motivation, social participation, goal orientation and self assurance that can be considered as early predictors of mathematic anxiety. This may help administrators and teachers enhance their ability to prevent and treat mathematics anxiety through better instruction to their pupils.

Abstract This research was conducted to compare individual and conjoint Solution-Focused Therapy on marital conflicts. The research population included all couples referred to Ahvaz Counsel Centers for problem disclosure. The sample consisted of 33 couples (from 150 couples) who were randomly selected. In this study, the individual and conjoint couple therapy is considered as independent variables and marital conflicts as dependent one. The instrument was Marital Conflict Questionnaire. The design of this study was pretest-post test with control group. All subjects answered the questionnaire and then the experimental groups received intervention (during 7 sessions). At post test stage, 3 groups answered the questionnaire again. One-way ANOVA and (HSD) Tukey were used to analysis data. Probable error of α=0.05 was also used to find the significance of the differences. The results showed that individual and conjoint methods reduce the marital conflict among couples in the experimental groups. Sexual relationship was reduced more by individual and financial instruct reduced more by conjoint method. Applying of individual and conjoint methods had no significant difference on reduction of total marital conflicts and other sub-scales.

Abstract The Digital Access Index is a combined index that measures the possibility of cheap, extensive, comprehensive and equivalent access to ICT instrumental for citizens of a specific country or specific group. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between access to the elements of the Digital Access index and participation motivation and efficiency of in-service training (ICDL). The research population included all women and men teachers that participated in in-service training terms (ICDL) course in Sardasht town. The sample comprised 176 teachers who were selected based on stratified random sampling. Method of collecting information was researcher-designed questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the instrument was estimated. The collected data were analyzed and the results showed that there is a significant relationship between the access to the elements of The Digital Access index and participation higher motivation and efficiency of in-service training (ICDL).

Abstract Higher education has a great responsibility in considering society various needs, such as economical, cultural, and political ones and tries to meet them.  In universities, this mission has not fully been completed, especially in terms of curriculum development. The main aim of this study was to investigate the possible applied aspects of Educational Technology field (a) from students' points of view and (b) by analyzing MSRT approved curriculum. The collected data were analyzed and the results showed that: (a) there was not any necessary consistency between the objectives and the contents of many special courses of the field with its practical credits. (b) The applied aspects of the field were also assessed to be relatively good or good.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to find out the relationship between time management and self-efficacy with academic procrastination among university students. The statistical society comprised all students who were studying at Payam-e-noor University in Ahvaz city. Among these, 180 students were randomly selected as sample group. The research instruments were Trueman, and Hartely (1996), Schwarzer and Jerusalem (2000) questionnaires and also researcher structured questionnaire (1387). The collected data were analyzed and the result showed that there is a negative relationship between time management and academic procrastination and also self-efficacy with academic procrastination. Regression analysis by using enters method also showed multiple relations among time management and self-efficacy with academic procrastination.

Abstract The main purpose of the present research was to compare instruction by experience and act way (with emphasis in play) and their effect on math achievement of boy's pupils in Zarrinshahr town. The population included all Zarrinshar`s grade second boy pupils who among them 60 pupils were selected by using cluster random sampling. 30 people of them assigned in experiment group and 30 people in control group. The method of this research was quasi-experimental and the used design was prediction and post diction with control group. The researchers tested both of two groups and then thought multiplication by experience and act way with emphasis in play to experiment group and by lecturing way to control group. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. The result showed that multiplication arithmetic achievement in the boy pupils of that were taught in experiment and act way was significantly better than the other pupils that taught in lecturing way.