Hamideh Jahangard; Reza Ghorban Jahromi; Faribourz Dortaj; Aboutaleb seadatee Shamir
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to look into the impact of the need for closure and cognition on the degree of working memory in Tehran high school students, with the role of attitudes toward learning and ambiguity tolerance as mediating factors. To this end, 385 subjects consisting of 155 girls and 230 ...
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The purpose of this work is to look into the impact of the need for closure and cognition on the degree of working memory in Tehran high school students, with the role of attitudes toward learning and ambiguity tolerance as mediating factors. To this end, 385 subjects consisting of 155 girls and 230 boys were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling to complete the questionnaires on working memory (Nejati, 2013), the need for cognition (Cachiupo, 1996), the need for closure (De Baker & Krausson, 2008), attitude toward learning (Eiken, 1979) and ambiguity tolerance (McLean, 1993). The study was descriptive, and a correlation design was given in light of investigating the relationships between the variables using a causal model of route analysis. The results revealed that the need for cognition has an indirect effect on working memory through the mediation of the attitude to learning and ambiguity tolerance. Furthermore, the need for closure has an indirect influence on working memory by the mediation of attitude toward learning and ambiguity tolerance. Similarly, the need for cognition has a significant effect on working memory, whereas the need for closure has no such impact. Additionally, the need for cognition has a significant effect on attitude toward learning and ambiguity tolerance, whereas the need for closure has no significant effect on attitude toward learning and ambiguity tolerance. The findings were explored in depth in the conclusion section.
Aref Keshtgar; Mitra Rastgoumoghadam; Mohammad Hossein Salarifar
Abstract
The aim of this study was to comparison of the level of working memory in elementary students with developmental dyslexia of perceptual type, linguistic type and normal type in reading. The research method was descriptive causal-comparative. This study included three statistical populations of elementary ...
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The aim of this study was to comparison of the level of working memory in elementary students with developmental dyslexia of perceptual type, linguistic type and normal type in reading. The research method was descriptive causal-comparative. This study included three statistical populations of elementary male students in the third and fourth grades with dyslexia of perceptual, linguistic and normal type in reading in Mashhad in the academic year of 2019- 2020 that 15 sample people were selected from each statistical population. Samples for the first and second populations were purposefully selected and samples for the third population were selected by cluster random sampling.The research instruments were Raven IQ tests (1956), Poure Etemad Persian reading assessment (2001), Kim Karad visual task (1945) and Wechsler direct and inverse memory(1945). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that the level of working memory in the three groups was significantly different (P0.001). The level of performance of the two dyslexic groups in the variables of phonological circle, visual-spatial plate and central performer was significantly lower than normal students. Also, the level of performance of linguistic dyslexic students was significantly lower than perceptual dyslexia in the phonological circle variable and no significant difference was observed between perceptual dyslexic students and linguistic dyslexic students in other variables. Therefore, based on the findings by strengthening working memory, dyslexic's reading performance can be increased. Also, since linguistically dyslexic students have defects in the phonological circle, they need to be specifically rehabilitated in this regard.
omidali mohammadverdi; massoud sharifi; jalil fathabadi; vahid nejati; Aminmohammad mohammadverdi
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between circadian cycles and working memory of students. Methods: The research was done using the correlation method. The statistical population consisted of the female students of the 11th grade in the central part of the Khodabandeh ...
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The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between circadian cycles and working memory of students. Methods: The research was done using the correlation method. The statistical population consisted of the female students of the 11th grade in the central part of the Khodabandeh county, from whom, 40 students were selected from two classes by random cluster sampling . They were tested for two weeks in two turns in the morning (at 8, 9.30, 11) and in the afternoon (at 13, 14.30, 16.15). The Horn and Stoberg (1976) questionnaire was used to assess the chronotype, and tests of equivalent forms of verbal memory assessment was used to measure the working memory. The mixed analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: there was a significant difference between the efficiency of students' working memory at different hours of the day (f =2/82, p = 0/017) as well as the different days of the week (f =16/8, p < 0/0005). Differences in the efficiency of working memory were not significant among the chronotypes of morning, afternoon, and evening (f =0/301, p = 0/742). The efficiency of students' working memory was different according to the cronotype in different hours of the day (f =3/06, p = 0/001). Conclusion: It is essential to pay attention to the circadian and weekly cycles in student education.
sondos kashani khatib; shokoufeh radfar; simsn bashardoust; malek mirhashemi
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Risky decision making and active memory weakness are components of this disorder whose negative implications are known.. The purpose of the study was to increase the working memory and reduce risky decision By stimulating the ...
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Risky decision making and active memory weakness are components of this disorder whose negative implications are known.. The purpose of the study was to increase the working memory and reduce risky decision By stimulating the forehead with the device tDCS device In children with ADHD . This was a quasi-experimental study with single-subject study design, in which 24 children with attention deficit disorder and active participants were 7-11 years old. The children were randomly divided into intervention and control group . The intervention group was intervened At 10 sessions a day in between and 20 minutes each session. Assessments were one day before the intervention, one day after the end of intervention, and two months after the end of the intervention. Bart's test was used to assess risky decision and in order to evaluate the working memory, we used N-BACK task. To analyze the data, covariance analysis and effect size were used. the findings from the analysis of the charts showed that the brain electrical stimulation program improved risk decision making and work memory in this children.
Mina Fathi-Ashtiani; Mahnaz Akhavan-Tafti; Molouk Khademi
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the effect of cognitive training on the working memory, and processing speed in children with learning disabilities. Besides working memory and processing speed, it is effect on academic performance was also examined. It was an experimental research with two groups ...
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The present study aims to investigate the effect of cognitive training on the working memory, and processing speed in children with learning disabilities. Besides working memory and processing speed, it is effect on academic performance was also examined. It was an experimental research with two groups and pretest-posttest. The research population in the present was all male and female students in the third, fourth and fifth grades of primary school. That referred to special learning centers of Tehran. Among these student, 20 students were selected randomly, 10 students were placed in each of experimental and control group. Then, the cognitive training was administered for experimental group in 10 one-hour sessions. The student assessed before and after the intervention, using digit span, coding, search symbols and visual memory. The pretest and post test data obtained were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results show that the effect of cognitive training, on the speed of information processing and verbal working memory and visual-spatial working memory has been significant. This training has not been considerably effective on academic performance of student with learning disabilities.
sekineh soltaani kouhbanani
Abstract
Purpose of this research is the impact of working memory computer assisted program on executive functions and mathematic performance improvement in students with mathematics disorders. In this project we have tested the feasibility of working memory training in students with mathematics disorders. Method ...
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Purpose of this research is the impact of working memory computer assisted program on executive functions and mathematic performance improvement in students with mathematics disorders. In this project we have tested the feasibility of working memory training in students with mathematics disorders. Method of this research is quasi experiment. Sample these research involved 20 students with and without mathematics disorder in truth, fourth and fifth grade in Tehran with pre- post and follow up test in the research. Instruments are London tower, Stroop test, Continuous Performance Test, and KeyMath test were used for analyzing data. the t test show more significant difference in average in trained group comparing to control group , the post-test did immediately after and one week after finishing training period (P= 0/05). Also difference of effect of Executive Functions (pre-post-follow up) is significant (P= 0/05) and effect between group (experimental-control) is significant (P= 0/05). of t test show differences between Executive Functions (Organization, Planning, Working memory and Inhabitation response) and mathematics disorder in pre- post-test after training in students with mathematics disorder. The trained group shows the better performance in post-tests the impact of working memory computer assisted program on executive functions and mathematics performance improvement in students with mathematics disorder.
Shiva Moftakhari Hajimirzaei (MA); Hassan Asadzadeh (PhD); Yousef Karimi (PhD)
Volume 6, Issue 18 , October 2010, , Pages 104-130
Abstract
his study aimed to investigate the effect of training learning strategies (cognitive and metacognitive) on working memory performance of high school girl students in Tehran city. The statistical society comprised all the high school girl students in Tehran in the academic year of 1387-88. Among them, ...
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his study aimed to investigate the effect of training learning strategies (cognitive and metacognitive) on working memory performance of high school girl students in Tehran city. The statistical society comprised all the high school girl students in Tehran in the academic year of 1387-88. Among them, 175 people were selected using cluster sampling method. Then, performing working memory test (adapted from Daneman and Carpenter, 1980) and forty-four integrated questionnaire of learning strategies (Karami, 1381), 40 students who scored lower than the average in the two tests were selected. Then, 20 subjects were randomly replaced in the control group and 20 others in the experimental group. Experimental group were trained learning strategies for 10 sessions of one hour per week. After training sessions, working memory of both control and experimental groups were measured. Data obtained from pre-test and post-test, were analyzed using t test for independent groups. Findings showed that knowledge and use of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies has a positive effect on working memory performance. These results may have some implications for effective teaching and learning which will be discussed in the present paper.
