Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 . MA Holder, Educational Technology e-mail: gkhojasteh@yahoo.com

2 Associate Professor, Allameh Tabataba'i University

Abstract

The present research seeks to assess the impact of a researcher-made multimedia on the learning and retention of the Persian pre-printing skills. The participants were all the first graders of elementary schools in Teheran in the school year 2010-2011. 40 students were selected through multilevel random sampling to represent the experimental group (20 subjects) and control group (20 subjects). The method of the research was semi-experimental, and the used research plan was pretest-posttest with control group. Firstly, the researcher took a pre-test from both groups using a research-made exam, and then taught pre-printing skills to the experimental group using a research-made multimedia built on multimedia designing principles. Separately, the teacher taught the same pre-printing lesson using the traditional method. Finally, both groups were taken an exam. The results indicated an increase in alphabet-tracing learning, alphabet-tracing retention, eye/hand coordination skill learning and letter-shape recognition learning in comparison with the control group. The impact of the multimedia on the learning was confirmed while the increase of eye/hand coordination retention and letter-shape recognition retention were not confirmed. This shows that the multimedia can be effective in the learning of Persian pre-printing skills course but not necessarily in its retention in the long run.

Keywords

افضل نیا،محمد. (1388). طراحی وآشنایی با مراکز مواد ومنابع یادگیری. تهران: سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علم انسانی دانشگاه‏‏‏‏ها (سمت).
امین‏الرعایایی یمینی، سعید.(1388). بررسی یادگیری مهارت‏های هندسی به کمک نرم‏افزارهای هندسه پویا در دوره راهنمایی. پایان نامه ارشد رشته ی تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده روان‏شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی.
بهرنگی، محمدرضا؛ اسدی، آرش. (1387). «همراه سازی نرم افزار مولتی مدیا بیلدر با الگوی تدریس استقرارنگاره کلمه برای آموزش زبان انگلیسی پایه اول». فصلنامه تعلیم وتربیت،دوره، شماره 97، صفحه 20-1.
رضوی ،عباس. (1383). چندرسانه‏ای‏‏‏‏ها و آموزش مفاهیم. پایان نامه ارشد رشته‏ی تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده روان‏شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی.
رئیس دانا، فرخ لقا. (١٣٨٨). ارتقای کیفیت اجرای برنامه‏‏‏‏های درسی. تهران: رشد تکنولوژی آموزشی، سال1388. شماره 25، ص6-9.
صفارپور، عبدالرحمان. (١٣٨٤). بازی‏‏‏‏های دست ورزی. تهران: انتشارات مدرسه.
عالمی، محمد حسین. (1377). نظریه یادگیری و مواد آموزشی چند‏رسانه‏ای. رشد تکنولوژی آموزشی، دوره 15، شماره 6.
کدیور، پروین. (1386). روان‏شناسی تربیتی. تهران: سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه‏‏‏‏ها (سمت).
مایر، ریچاردای. (2001). یادگیری چند‏رسانه‏‏‏ای. مترجم: موسوی، مهسا. (1384). تهران: انتشارات موسسه مالی و آموزش و پرورش مدیریت و برنامه‏ریزی.
نادر تبار، مهستی. (1381). زبان نوشتاری و ناتوانی‏‏‏‏های یادگیری. مجله رشد آموزش ابتدایی، سال 5 . شماره 8.ص.
 
منابع انگلیسی
George- Palilonis, J., and Filak, V. (2009). Blended Learning in the Visual Communications Classroom: Student Reflections on a Multimedia Course. Electronic Journal of e-learning. Vol.7, Issue 3, 247-256.
Heinich , R. Molenda, M., russel, J., and Smaldino, S.(1999).Instructional media and technologies for learning (6 th ed).NJ: Merrill / prentice hall.
Kim, S., and Lee, W. (2000). The effects of hypermedia CAI system on the academic achievement of elementary school students in Korea. Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2000 Montreal, Canada, June 26-July 1, (1), 491-495.
Lindstrom, R. (1994)." The Business Week Guide to Multimedia Presentations: Great Dynamic Presentations That Inspire". McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. Ch 2, pp. 33-46.
Lorenz, B., Green, T., and Brown, A. (2009).” Using Multimedia Graphic Organizer Software in the Prewriting Activities of Primary School Students: What Are the Benefits? Computers in the Schools, v26 n2 p115-129.
Mandernach, B. J. (2009). Effects of Instructor- Personalized Multimedia in the online Classroom. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1-19.
Muhammad, R., Muninday, B., and Govindasamy, M. (2010). Testing the effects of interactive courseware template for the learning of history among Form one students. US-China Education Review. Penang: Vol.7, No.10 (Serial No.71), 106-13.
Neo, T.K., and Neo, M. (2004) "Classroom innovation: engaging students in interactive multimedia learning". Campus-Wide Information Systems, v21 no.3, p118-124.
Poon, K.W., Li-Tsang, C.W.P., Weiss, T.P.L. and Rosenblum, S. (2010). The effect of a computerized visual perception and visual-motor integration training program on improving Chinese handwriting of children with handwriting difficulties. Research in Developmental Disabilities, Vol.31, 1552–1560.
Radvansky,G.A., and Zacks, R.T. (1997).”The Retrieval of Situation-Specific Information’’. In Conway, M.M.(Ed.),Cognitive Models Of Memory; Hove East Sussex: Psychology Press.
Teoh, B.S.T and Neo, T.K, (2007). “Interactive Multimedia Learning: Students’ Attitudes and Learning Impact in an Animation Course”, The Turkish online journal of educational technology – (TOJET) Oct. 2007, volume 6, issue 4.
Sweller, J.Chandler, P. (1994)."Cognitive load theory and the the format of insturaction".Cognnition and insturaction.vol.8 (4).293-332.
Tuzun, H., Yılmaz-Soylu, M., Karakus, T., Inal , Y., Kızılkaya, G., (2009). “The effects of computer games on primary school students’ achievement and motivation in geography learning”, Computers & Education 52, pp. 68–77,
Tway, L. (1995). Multimedia in Action, AP Professional, Cambridge, MA.