Leila Zarei; Ali Shiravani Shiri
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between moral identity and cognitive styles with individual and social adjustment in female high school students in Abadeh Tashk. The statistical population of this study included all female high school students in Abadeh Tashk (150) per ...
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between moral identity and cognitive styles with individual and social adjustment in female high school students in Abadeh Tashk. The statistical population of this study included all female high school students in Abadeh Tashk (150) per year in 2020. In this study, according to the framework of the statistical population, 108 students were selected. Moral identity, cognitive styles and individual and social adjustment questionnaires were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaires was assessed and confirmed using content validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation statistics and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, among the components of cognitive styles, between the components of the learning method through watching and individual-social adaptation and between the components of the learning method through thinking and individual-social adaptation and between the components of the learning method through I did and individual-social adaptation established a positive relationship, among the components of moral identity, a positive relationship was established between the component of internalization and individual-social adaptation and between the components of symbolism and individual-social adaptation. The variables of cognitive styles in terms of components (the method of learning through thinking and the method of learning through doing) were able to positively predict the variable of individual-social adjustment. The variable of moral identity in terms of components (internalization and symbolization), Were able to positively predict the variable of individual-social adjustment.
Hossein Zare'; Ahmad Alipour; Reza Rahimi
Volume 10, Issue 31 , April 2014, , Pages 61-80
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to compare the cognitive styles used by female and male students of the fields of computer and human sciences in Qurveh town. Method: This was a causal-comparative (ex-post facto) research. Using multi-stage cluster sampling method, 152 subjects (including 76 girls and ...
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Objective: The present study aims to compare the cognitive styles used by female and male students of the fields of computer and human sciences in Qurveh town. Method: This was a causal-comparative (ex-post facto) research. Using multi-stage cluster sampling method, 152 subjects (including 76 girls and 76 boys) were selected from among all students of technical schools as well as high schools. The subjects were asked to complete the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), Factorial Analysis of Variance Test, and the Kolmogorov Test. The data was analyzed using the Smirnov Test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in cognitive styles between students of computer and human sciences, and also between male and female students. Cognitive styles of computer students and male students were respectively more field-independent compared to human sciences students and female students. But there was no significant interaction between gender and field of study on one hand, and cognitive styles on the other hand. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the theories proposed by Witkin (1981) and Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda (1982).
Alireza Kakavand; Zahra Lebadi; Shokraneh Zare’i
Volume 9, Issue 27 , April 2013, , Pages 29-49
Abstract
The aim of the research was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and multiple cognitive styles including constructive thinking, emotional coping, behavioral coping, superstitious thinking, categorical thinking, esoteric thinking, and naive optimism. In this study, 330 female high school ...
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The aim of the research was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and multiple cognitive styles including constructive thinking, emotional coping, behavioral coping, superstitious thinking, categorical thinking, esoteric thinking, and naive optimism. In this study, 330 female high school students in Karaj were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Terry-Short, 1995) and Constructive Thinking Inventory (Epstein and Meier, 1989) were used. The collected data were analyzed using simultaneous multiple regression procedure. Results showed a positive significant relationship between positive perfectionism and cognitive styles and a negative significant relationship between negative perfectionism and cognitive styles. In positive perfectionists, there were positive significant relationships among emotional coping with problems, behavioral coping with problems, and optimism. There was also a negative significant relationship between esoteric thinking and categorical thinking. Moreover, the relationship between constructive thinking and superstitious thinking was not significant. Negative perfectionism had negative relationships with constructive thinking and all its sub-categories. It had no significant relationship with optimism. The research findings indicated that positive perfectionists have positive thinking, are actively involved in solving their problems using behavioral and emotional methods, and have high levels of optimism and low levels of bipolar (categorical) negative thinking, superstitious thinking and esoteric thinking. On the contrary, negative perfectionists do not have positive thinking and do not use behavioral and emotional methods to overcome their problems. They have low levels of optimism; however, they keep themselves away from destructive thinking. In general, the obtained results revealed inconsistencies in the process of overcoming problems and thought patterns in negative perfectionists, whereas it revealed the use of appropriate methods in overcoming the problems in positive perfectionists.
Bahram Jowkar; Mehdi Rahimi
Volume 9, Issue 27 , April 2013, , Pages 68-96
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of decision making process from the hot cognition perspective. The effect of anger, as an emotion (with cognitive profile),as well as cognitive styles (need for cognition, structure, and certainty), as a motivational parameter, on analytical decision ...
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The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of decision making process from the hot cognition perspective. The effect of anger, as an emotion (with cognitive profile),as well as cognitive styles (need for cognition, structure, and certainty), as a motivational parameter, on analytical decision making process were examined based on Klaczynski’s Dual-Process Model (2004). In this model, metacognitive dispositions are the mediators sitting between predictor variables and decision making. The Actively Open-Minded Thinking Scale was considered as an index of metacognitive dispositions. The research subjects included 233 female and male bachelor students of Shiraz University. The Need for Cognition (Cacioppo, et. al., 1996), the Need for Structure and the Need for Certainty (Thompson et. al., 1992), Anger (Lerner & Keltner, 2000), Cognitive Appraisal (Smith & Ellsworth, 1985), Actively Open-Minded Thinking (Stanovich & West, 2007) and Decision Making (Klaczynski, 2001) Scales were used. Validity and reliability of the scales were confirmed. The results indicated that anger predicted analytical decision making negatively and in direct and indirect (through open-minded thinking) ways. The need for cognition predicted decision-making positively. The need for structure predicted decision making negatively only through Open-Minded Thinking Variable. The need for certainty did not predict decision making. Cognitive appraisal of certainty and self-responsibility/control explained cognitive profile for anger.
bahman kord; mehdi mahdavi
Abstract
ackground: The Cognitive style is mainly peculiar to theoretical and academic descriptions with bipolar dimensions. These styles are composed of field dependent and field independent ones which are not constant but current. Objective: The present paper aims to clarify the relationship between the cognitive ...
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ackground: The Cognitive style is mainly peculiar to theoretical and academic descriptions with bipolar dimensions. These styles are composed of field dependent and field independent ones which are not constant but current. Objective: The present paper aims to clarify the relationship between the cognitive styles and students' performance in writing response and multiple-choice evaluations. Method: The research methodology is applied in its objective and descriptive in data collection. The target population of this study comprised all students of Mahabad Islamic Azad Universit in the academic year of 1387-88. Among them, 280 have been selected by faculty and sex through stratified random sampling. In connection with the cognitive style, EFT, the learning styles questionnaire has been used to collect the required data and for the students' performance measurement in multiple-choice and writing response evaluations the two parallel forms, quadruple response form and writing response form have been employed. Results: The results revealed that there is a positive and direct relationship between field independent cognitive style and the students’ performance in writing response evaluation, but there is no relationship between field dependent cognitive style and the students’ performance in multiple choice evaluations. Also, there is a significant difference between students from such fields as human, basic, agricultural, and technical sciences due to learning styles. Finally there was a positive relationship between the male and female students’ learning styles. Conclusion: Cognitive styles (field independency and field dependency) should be considered while assessing students' academic performance using multiple-choices and writing response tests
